The forest looks to see the explosion of color with flowers that adorn the beds of topiary figures guarding the stone. All this in Royal Gardens of La Granja de San Ildefonso in Segovia. A perfect place to stroll in the countryside watching his majestic fountains, its magnificent specimens of redwood, lime, horse chestnut, Scots pine, flower beds and do not miss the vast labyrinth of hedges of hornbeam and beech, as curiosity at the entrance of the labyrinth is a sign that warns to keep the door closed because there have been cases of animals that have entered and have failed to get out, I guess I have had to rescue a deer in more than one occasion, for those who consider themselves more skillful than the deer are a couple of phone numbers also in the sign at the entrance to the maze should be targeted by if "running late" in the maze, that as the deer will come to rescue. 
The source of Fame or Pegasus (pictured) sprays water up to 40 feet through the action of gravity, and water that reaches a large deposit in the form the lake in the top of the garden called El Mar. Quite a show that only can be seen a few days a year. In 1981 he drafted the Charter of Florence, in which 25 items were defined by the characteristics of the Historic Gardens. The definition given in Article 5 is one of the ones I like. That left the letter for those who want to read it.
Historic Gardens (Florence Charter - 1981 )
Adopted by ICOMOS in December 1982
Meeting PREAMBLE in Florence on May 21, 1981, the International Committee of Historic Gardens ICOMOS-IFLA has decided to draft a letter concerning the safeguarding of historic gardens that bear the name of this city. This Charter was drafted by the Committee and adopted on December 15, 1982 by ICOMOS in order to complete the Venice Charter in this specific field.
DEFINITION AND OBJECTIVES Section 1.
"A historic garden is an architectural and horticultural composition, from the standpoint of history or art, has a public interest." As such it is considered a monument.
Article 2.
"The historic garden is an architectural composition which is mainly plant material and, therefore, live, perishable and renewable."
His appearance is thus the result of a perpetual balance between the cyclical movement of the seasons, the development and deterioration of nature and artistic will and artifice that tends to perpetuate their status.
Article 3.
Since it is a monument, the historic garden must be protected in the spirit of the Venice Charter . However, as long as it is a living monument, its protection is consistent with specific rules, which are the subject of this Charter.
Article 4.
Determine the architectural design of a historic garden:
- different layout and terrain profiles.
- its plant masses: species, volumes, play of colors, distances, respective heights.
- their constructive and decorative elements.
- water in motion or at rest, reflection of the sky.
close links between civilization and nature, place of delight, suitable for meditation or dream, the garden becomes the cosmic significance of an idealized image of the world, a "paradise" in the etymological sense of the term, but gives evidence of a culture, a style, a time and, sometimes, the originality of a creative artist.
Article 6.
The designation of historic garden applies equally modest gardens to large parks or nature formalistic composition landscape.
Article 7.
Whether or not attached to a building, which forms an inseparable complement, the historic garden not be separated from their own urban or rural, artificial or natural.
Article 8.
A historical site is a defined landscape, reminiscent of a memorable event: the site of an important event in history illustrates the origin of a myth or an epic battle, a source of a famous painting ...
Article 9.
The protection of historic gardens that they must be identified and inventoried. Accurate different interventions, namely maintenance, conservation and restoration. In some cases, recovery is recommended. The authenticity of an historic garden is both a matter of design and proportion of parts as ornamental composition, or choice of vegetable and inorganic materials that constitute it.
MAINTENANCE, PRESERVATION, RESTORATION, RECOVERY
Article 10.
Any maintenance, conservation, restoration or recovery of a historic garden, or a part thereof, must take into account all elements simultaneously. Separate treatment would disrupt the unity of the whole.
MAINTENANCE AND
Article 11.
maintenance historic gardens is an operation of paramount importance that must be continuous. Plant being its main material, the preservation of the garden in its usual state requires both specific replacements that are necessary, as a long-term program of periodic renewal (complete eradication followed by replanting with sufficiently trained).
Article 12.
The choice of species of trees, shrubs, plants and flowers that are replanted regularly be made taking into account the uses established and accepted in each botanical and horticultural area, in order to identify the original species and preservation.
Article 13.
architectural elements, sculpture and painting, fixed or mobile, which are an integral part of the historic garden must not be removed or displaced only insofar as required preservation / restoration. The replacement or restoration of elements at risk must be done according to the principles of the Charter of Venice, and must state the date of any substitution.
Article 14.
The historic garden must be kept in an appropriate environment. Any modification of the physical environment that threatens the ecological balance should be outlawed. These rules cover the entire infrastructure, both external and internal (pipe, irrigation systems, roads, parking lots, fences, surveillance devices, visitor attractions, etc..).
RESTORATION AND RECOVERY
Article 15.
No restoration work and, above all, the restoration of historic garden must be addressed without first conducting a thorough investigation that included testimony from all the digging and collection of all data relating to the garden in question and other similar , to ensure that the work is done with full guarantee scientific. Before starting the execution of works, must prepare a project based on the above investigation, which will be submitted for consideration by a panel of experts for review and joint approval.
Article 16.
Restoration work must respect the successive stages of the evolution of the garden in question. In principle, there should be more emphasis or priority to a period at the expense of others, unless in exceptional cases in which the state of degradation or destruction affecting certain parts of the garden is such that recovery advice, which should be based in the traces that remain or in an irrefutable documentary evidence. Such replacement may be more justified in parts of the garden closest to the main building to highlight its significance in the overall design.
Article 17.
When a garden has disappeared entirely or only vestiges remain serve to speculate on its successive stages, there is no need to undertake a reconstruction by no means be an intervention in a historic garden.
In such circumstances, a work inspired by traditional forms, made on the site of an old garden, or a space where one never existed, simply respond to the field of evocation or original creation, and he could not be applied in any case, the label of historic garden. USE
Article 18.
While any historic garden is meant to be seen and travel, access should be restricted in terms of its size and fragility, so as to preserve their physical integrity and cultural message.
Article 19.
By nature and vocation, the historic garden is a peaceful place that encourages human contact, silence and listening to nature. This conception of everyday use has its counterpoint in the exceptional use of the historic garden as a place of celebration. It should define the conditions for special use of historic gardens so that the exceptional holding a party contributes to enhance the spectacle of the garden, not to impair or degrade.
Article 20.
If in everyday life gardens can accommodate the practice of quiet games, should be established in areas adjacent to the historic gardens, land suitable for rough and violent games and sports, so that it responds this demand social without affecting the conservation of gardens and historic sites.
Article 21.
maintenance work or maintenance schedule which is imposed by the seasons, or small operations that help to restore the authenticity, must always take precedence over rights-of-use. The organization of any visit to a historic garden must be subject to rules that ensure the preservation of the spirit of the place.
Article 22.
When a garden is enclosed by walls, they should not be removed without prior consideration of all the detrimental consequences that could occur as a modification of the environment and protection of the garden.
LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROTECTION
Article 23.
is for the authorities to take, with advice from experts, the laws and administrative measures to identify, inventory and protect historic gardens.
Their protection should be integrated into land use plans and documents management and planning. It is also for responsible authorities to take, with advice from experts, the economic provisions aimed to promote the maintenance, preservation, restoration and, where necessary, recovery of historic gardens.
Article 24.
The historic garden is one of those assets whose survival, because of its nature, requires more continuous care by qualified persons. Should ensure that adequate education training for these people, whether historians, architects, landscapers, gardeners or botanists.
also should be ensured to ensure regular production of the plants included in the composition of historic gardens.
Article 25.
Interest in historic gardens should be encouraged by all kinds of actions capable of valuing these assets and do know and appreciate: the promotion of scientific research, international exchange and dissemination of information, publications and outreach work, encouraging controlled access public awareness through the media about the need to respect nature and historical heritage. The most outstanding historic gardens shall be proposed for inclusion on the List Heritage .
Brief Note
These are the recommendations applicable to all historic gardens in the world.
This Charter may be supplemented later with additional clauses apply to specific types of gardens, including a brief description of these types.
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